Software designed to cause harm to a computer system
Which statement describes how a computer virus usually spreads to other computers?
It attaches to other programs that are then shared with other users
A program copies itself and spreads quickly across a network, slowing it down but causing no damage to files. Which type of malware is this?
A worm
Why does a Trojan often manage to get installed on a computer?
The user is tricked into running it because it seems useful
Ransomware has encrypted a user's files. Which action gives the best chance of getting the files back without paying?
Restore the files from a backup made before the attack
A keylogger has been secretly installed on a computer. What does it capture?
Every key that the user presses, including any passwords
A company's computers have anti-malware software, but it has not been updated for two years. Why is this a risk?
It will not recognise malware that has been written recently
What happens when anti-malware software finds a file that is infected?
The file is moved to a quarantine area where its code cannot run
Which term describes malware that replicates its code inside other programs, spreads to other computers and harms a computer by deleting, corrupting or modifying files?
Virus
What is meant by ransomware?
Malware that locks or encrypts data until a ransom is paid
What is meant by a Trojan?
A program that looks useful but contains harmful code
Which term describes a small device that connects to a computer and secretly records everything the user types so it can be sent to a hacker?
Keylogger
What is meant by anti-malware?
Software that detects malware and stops it from damaging a computer
Why does installing the latest updates for an operating system help to protect a computer from malware?
It fixes known weaknesses that hackers could exploit
Which statement describes a difference between a virus and a worm?
A virus attaches to other programs, but a worm can spread by itself
What is meant by social engineering?
Obtaining confidential information by asking people for it
What does shoulder surfing mean?
Watching someone as they type in their password
A hacker uses a CCTV camera to record staff as they type their passwords into a computer. Which technique is this?
Shoulder surfing
Which of these describes phishing?
Sending fake messages that ask users for their personal details
A student receives a text that claims to be from their bank and asks them to confirm their password. Which type of attack is this?
Phishing, a fake message asks for personal information
Why can social engineering still succeed against a company that keeps its antivirus software up to date?
It targets the people who use the system rather than the software
Which of the following is a social engineering attack?
Phoning an employee and pretending to be from the IT team
How does shoulder surfing differ from phishing?
Shoulder surfing watches the user in person, phishing sends them a fake message
Which term describes the act of obtaining confidential information by asking people for it?
Social engineering
What is the name for the technique of obtaining information or passwords by observing someone as they type them in?
Shoulder surfing
Which term describes sending emails, texts or phone calls pretending to be from a bank or website in order to get personal information?
Phishing
Phishing messages are often made to look as though they were sent by a well-known bank. Why?
So that the person believes the message is genuine
A worker is phoned by someone who claims to be from their bank and asks for their account details. Which type of attack is this?
Phishing
A phishing email tells a user that their account will be closed unless they confirm their details. What is the sender trying to obtain?