Which of these is one of the purposes of a media product?
To inform
What is the main purpose of most films?
To entertain
A food company puts a large advert on a screen in a busy city centre. What is the main purpose of the advert?
To promote its brand
An instructional video shows people how to carry out a task. Which purpose does the video have?
To educate
A cereal packet shows the nutritional information of the cereal. What is the purpose of this information?
To inform
A band performs a live concert with lighting, video and special effects. What is the purpose of the show's soundtrack?
To entertain the audience
A government health department makes a poster to encourage people to take more exercise. What is the main purpose of the poster?
To influence people's behaviour
Which statement about the purpose of a media product is correct?
A product can have several purposes but usually one main purpose
Many adverts try to make the audience feel emotions such as excitement, joy or fear. Why do adverts do this?
To encourage viewers to buy the product
A local news website publishes a report about a flood, including interviews with residents. What is the main purpose of the report?
To inform readers about events
A wildlife park makes a video showing its animals with facts about each one, and it ends by asking viewers to book tickets online. What is the main purpose of the video?
To promote the wildlife park
Which of these media products is most likely to have entertainment as its main purpose?
A television comedy series
A video blogger reviews a new phone and tells viewers that they should choose it instead of other brands. What is the main purpose of the video?
To influence the choices of viewers
Which term describes media products that are made to teach the audience about a subject?
Educate
What is meant by 'inform' as a purpose of media products?
To give the audience facts and details about something
Which term describes media products that are made mainly to provide enjoyment and relaxation for the audience?
Entertain
What is meant by 'influence' as a purpose of media products?
To change the behaviour or choices of the audience
What is meant by 'advertise/promote' as a purpose of media products?
To encourage the audience to buy a product or to raise awareness of an event
What is meant by 'main purpose' of a media product?
The most important reason the media product was made
Which of these best describes the difference between informing and educating an audience?
Informing gives facts and details while educating teaches a subject
Which term describes the design features that audiences expect to see in a particular type of media product, such as a BBFC rating on the spine of a Blu-ray case?
Conventions of genre
What is meant by 'positioning of elements'?
Where text, images and other items are placed on a page to help the product achieve its purpose
Which term describes the way sound, music and effects are used to create a mood or feeling in a media product?
Style of audio representation
What is meant by 'colour' as a design aspect in a media product?
The use of different hues to create associations and feelings, such as red for stop or error
Which term describes the style of wording used in a soap opera, where characters use everyday words and slang suited to each person?
Informal language
What is meant by 'style of visual representation'?
The way graphics, photos and video are designed to create a feeling in the audience
Which term describes the mood or attitude created by the words used in a media product?
Tone of language
What is meant by 'formal language'?
Serious, correct wording that avoids slang
Why might a web page display an error message in red?
Red is associated with stop or error
A heating company wants to promote a new boiler. Which colours would best suit this purpose?
Oranges and reds to suggest warmth
What is positioned at the bottom of a mini cereal box?
The nutritional information
A large cereal box includes the text 'made from REAL GRAIN'. What is this text designed to do?
To persuade customers that it is healthy
Which of these is a design convention of a Blu-ray cover?
Technical information about the disc
A fast-food menu uses a photo of a burger to inform customers and encourage them to buy. How is the burger shown?
Clearly isolated on a white background
A soap opera uses informal language suited to each character. Why is this appropriate?
It makes the drama realistic and entertaining
A live music show uses audio, special effects, lighting and video. What is the main purpose of these?
To enhance the entertainment for the audience
A children's workbook teaches handwriting to children who are just learning to read. Why does it use simple words?
The language suits young children's reading ability
A company sells garden furniture made from recycled plastic and wants customers to see it as good for the environment. Which colour best suits this purpose?
Green, which suggests nature and the environment
A large cereal box has a much bigger logo across the top than the mini version of the same cereal. Why has the logo been made larger?
To increase brand recognition and catch the shopper's eye
A page in a children's workbook uses symmetrical positioning of elements. Why is this suitable?
It makes the page clear and balanced for young children
A book that teaches 5-year-olds how to look after a pet uses simple cartoon drawings rather than photographs. Why is this suitable?
A simple drawing style suits young children
A nature documentary uses calm music and a steady narrator's voice. Why is this style of audio suitable?
It matches the serious, informative mood of the programme
Which of these is normally included in a client brief as a client requirement?
The client ethos
A client explains what they want in a quick phone call. Nothing is written down and few details are given. Which client brief format is this?
Informal
Why does a production company find it useful to have an agreed written brief?
It gives a record to check the final product against
A holiday company makes three versions of the same advert, for families, younger couples and older couples. Why is this useful?
It allows each version to target a different group
A brief says its audience is women aged 25 to 40 who work in offices. Which category of audience segmentation is NOT used?
Location
An expensive restaurant is based in an affluent area. How should this influence the design of its advertising?
It should look elegant to match the refined menu
A client's ethos is that its products must never harm the environment. How could this constrain the production of an advert?
The production must avoid wasting materials and resources
A client wants to publish a magazine for readers who want reviews of the latest cars. Which genre of magazine should be produced?
Cars
A client asks the production team to come to a face-to-face meeting so they can talk through the brief and answer each other's questions. Which format of brief is this?
Meeting and discussion
A brief says the advert should encourage more people to give money to a wildlife charity. Which client requirement is this?
Purpose
A brief states that a short film must be delivered by 14 February so it can be shown at a launch event. Which client requirement is shown by the date?
Timescale
Brief: a running shoe brand wants a poster aimed at city workers who run at weekends. The poster must use the brand's house style and be ready by 30 April. Who is the target audience?
City workers who run at weekends
A charity wants its new advert to appeal to donors aged 18 to 25. How should this influence the design of the advert?
The content and style should appeal to people of that age
A brief must be finished in four weeks and the budget will not stretch to hiring extra staff. How does this affect the planning?
The work must fit the time and budget available
A brief says the product is aimed at adults who went to university. Which category of audience segmentation is this?
Education
What is the name for the company, charity or person that pays a production company to make a product such as an advert, TV programme or film?
Client
What is meant by 'client ethos'?
The values and beliefs that guide a company and the products it creates
What is the name for the process of dividing a wide audience into groups such as age, gender, income and location?
Audience segmentation
What is meant by a negotiated brief?
The client and the producer discuss and agree the requirements, adjusting them until both are happy
Which term describes the format of brief where a client hires a company or freelancer to make a specific product, usually for an agreed fee?
Commission
What is meant by 'lifestyle' as a category of audience segmentation?
The way a person chooses to live, including their habits and values
What is meant by a formal brief?
An official, detailed brief with clear requirements and deadlines
What is meant by a theme in a client brief?
An idea or message that runs through a product line and its adverts
Which client requirement covers the logo, fonts and colours that a product must use?
Style
Which of these is an example of a primary research method?
Online survey
Which of these is an example of quantitative information?
Sixty two per cent of customers bought a second drink
A drinks company wants detailed reactions to a new flavour and needs to ask follow-up questions. Which research method is most suitable?
A focus group
A journalist who was at a festival writes a description of exactly what happened there. Why is this account a primary source?
It is a first-hand account of the event
What is a disadvantage of gathering audience opinions using an online survey?
Some people cannot take part without internet access
Why are peer-reviewed journal articles usually seen as the most respected source of information?
They have been checked by other experts before publication
A student finds a fact on a website that anyone can edit. What should they do before using the fact?
Find a second source to verify the claim
An online survey asks for a customer's age group and also asks them to describe their favourite meal. What type of information will this collect?
Both qualitative and quantitative information
What is an advantage of using television as a secondary research source?
Documentaries can show real places and events visually
A gym hands out paper questionnaires to its members. What is an advantage of this method?
The same questions are asked of everyone, so the answers are easy to compare
A television company is planning a new cookery programme. Why should it carry out research with its target audience first?
To find out what viewers want from the programme
What is an advantage of using an online survey to collect audience opinions?
The answers are collected and analysed automatically
What is an advantage of using secondary research rather than primary research?
The information is usually quicker and cheaper to find
Why are books often seen as a reputable secondary research source?
They are checked by editors before they are published
Why should information from a magazine article be verified before it is used?
The writer may have included opinions and biased comments
What is a disadvantage of using a focus group to gather research?
A few confident participants can dominate the discussion
Which term describes information that can be measured and expressed as numbers, such as percentages or averages?
Quantitative data
What is meant by 'primary research'?
Information that is collected first-hand for a specific purpose
What is the name for a planned discussion with carefully selected participants who reflect the target audience?
Focus group
What is meant by 'qualitative data'?
Information that describes the quality of something, such as feelings and opinions
Which term describes information that has already been interpreted or analysed by someone else before being used?
Secondary source
What is meant by 'questionnaire'?
A set of written questions, often with tick boxes, given to people to find out their views
What is meant by 'interview'?
A conversation with an expert or eyewitness to gather their original words first-hand
What is meant by 'online survey'?
A set of questions completed online, with the answers gathered and analysed by a computer
Which three broad types of media code are used in media products?
Technical, symbolic and written
Which type of media code relies on meanings that are shared within a culture, such as gold rings suggesting marriage?
Symbolic
The cover of a thriller novel uses dark blues and blacks. What is this symbolic use of colour intended to do?
Create a feeling of suspense
A workbook for young children uses a large, simple sans-serif font. What is the main reason for this choice?
It makes the text easy for young children to read
Which transition is created by removing frames so that the action appears to skip ahead?
Jump cut
A film needs the sound of footsteps crunching in snow. How is this sound effect usually created?
A Foley artist records everyday materials to recreate the sound
In a film, the music and sound stop just before an important moment. What does this use of silence do?
It draws the audience in and adds suspense
A website shows an animated graphic while a page is loading. Why is this more effective than the plain word Loading?
It shows users that something is happening in an engaging way
Many websites include interactive features such as clickable buttons and rollover graphics. Why are these included?
To engage users with the content and create impact
What does the term mise-en-scene refer to in a media product?
Everything the camera sees within a scene
In a film scene a chef works in a cramped kitchen surrounded by cluttered props, wearing a stained apron. What is this combination of elements intended to do?
Create a feeling that the character is struggling
A composer writes an eerie, slow piece of music for the opening scene of a horror film. What is the main reason for this choice?
The music fits the genre and supports the mood of the scene
In a radio advert an actor's voice speeds up and rises in pitch when they describe a special offer. What is this vocal intonation intended to do?
Make the offer sound exciting to listeners
A chase scene in a film is edited as a series of very quick cuts. Why is this editing used?
It adds pace and energy to the scene
On a website, all hypertext links are shown in blue and underlined. Why?
It shows users which words can be clicked to open another page
A science documentary uses animation to show how a volcano erupts. Why is animation used for this?
It explains a complex process in a way that is easy to follow
An action film trailer uses fast cuts, a loud drum soundtrack and bright colours on screen. What is the effect of combining these codes?
They work together to create an exciting, energetic feel
Which term describes the techniques and conventions specific to a media type, such as sound and transitions in film and television?
Technical codes
What is meant by typography?
The way text is created to make it appealing, engaging or more legible
Which transition gradually replaces one shot with another, so the two are briefly mixed together as the change happens?
Cross-fade
What is meant by a J cut?
The audio of the next scene starts before the current scene ends
What is meant by written codes in a media product?
Codes that apply to written text or the dialogue in a script
Which camera shot shows a character from the waist up and allows their body language to be seen?
Mid shot
A director wants the audience to see a character's facial expression and understand how they feel. Which shot should be used?
Close-up
Which camera angle makes a character appear small, powerless and vulnerable?
High angle
Which camera angle is filmed from behind a person who is looking at the subject, so the viewer sees what that character is doing?
Over-the-shoulder
A camera on a tripod turns left and right to follow a runner crossing a field. Which camera movement is this?
Pan
A camera on a tripod turns upwards to follow a rocket rising into the sky. Which camera movement is this?
Tilt
A director wants the audience to feel that a character is unsettled and worried. Which camera movement should be used?
Dolly zoom
After a scene has been lit, what should you look at to work out where the lights have been positioned?
The shadows and highlights
A film crew needs an interview filmed over several hours to have the same look in every shot. Which lighting type is most suitable?
Studio lighting
What is a light meter used for?
Measuring the amount of light falling on a subject
A director wants to open a scene with a view from high in the air, filmed from a drone, showing the layout of the streets where the action takes place. Which camera angle should be used?
Aerial view
A crew is filming a scene at night in a street with very little light. Why is this difficult?
It is complex and needs extra equipment
A director wants the audience to understand where a scene is taking place before the action begins. Which shot should be used?
Extreme long shot
A director wants a character to look powerful and dominant. Which camera angle should be used?
Low angle
A camera follows a boy running along a beach using fast pans and tilts. What effect does this have?
It makes the action feel fast and exciting
A director wants to show many characters at once with plenty of the street visible around them. Which shot should be used?
Long shot
What is meant by 'tracking'?
The camera physically moves along with the subject, often on a dolly or track
Which term describes a light placed behind the subject that creates shadows towards the camera?
Back light
A camera stays in a fixed position while the lens changes so the subject appears closer. Which camera technique is this?
Zoom
Which camera shot shows very small details, such as a character's eyes?
Extreme close-up
Which camera technique keeps a shot completely still and stable?
Static
Which camera technique involves holding the camera so that it wobbles as the operator moves?
Hand-held
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