A firewall sits between a company's local area network and its internet connection. What is its main job?
Monitor and block incoming and outgoing traffic
A member of staff connects a personal USB memory stick to a work laptop. How does anti-virus software protect the laptop?
It scans the memory stick for malware before files are opened
A student ticks 'stay logged in' when signing in to a shared college computer. Why does this create a security risk?
The next person to use the computer can reach the account
A company wants to stop confidential files being copied from its laptops onto portable devices. Which device hardening method should it use?
Disable the unused USB ports on the laptops
A technician is about to replace a hard drive in a company server. Why should a backup be taken first?
So the data can be restored if the work causes a failure
A company encrypts the whole drive of every laptop it issues. Why does this protect the data if a laptop is stolen?
The data cannot be read without the decryption key
A padlock symbol is shown next to the web address of an online shop. What does this tell the customer?
Traffic between the customer and the site is encrypted
An online shop's checkout fills in a customer's saved address and card details automatically. Why does this create a security risk?
Anyone using the same device can enter the saved details
Anti-virus software finds a file infected with a trojan on a school computer. How does the software stop the trojan spreading?
It quarantines the file so the trojan cannot run
A firewall on a laptop displays an alert that a program is trying to connect to the internet. Why is this alert useful?
The user can decide whether the connection should be allowed
A hospital gives each employee access only to the patient records they need for their work. Why does this protect the data?
Employees cannot open or change records that are not part of their job
A technician removes an unused file-sharing program from a company computer. Why does this make the computer more secure?
It reduces the number of ways an attacker could get into the computer
A company sets its backup software to run every night without anyone starting it. Why is this better than asking staff to run the backups?
Backups are taken regularly without staff having to remember
Which term describes hardware or software that sits between a local area network and an external connection and monitors the traffic passing through it?
Firewall
What is meant by 'device hardening'?
Applying security measures such as closing unused ports, removing unused software and setting user access rights
What is the name for software that monitors a system, scans files, links and removable storage for threats, and removes or quarantines anything it finds?
Anti-virus software
What is the name for the scrambled, unreadable form of data that is produced when readable data is put through an encryption algorithm with a key?
Ciphertext
Which interface design feature helps to protect data by showing dots or asterisks instead of the characters a user types into a field?
Obscuring data entry
What is meant by a backup?
A copy of data taken automatically on a schedule or manually before a change, which allows the data to be restored after a major system failure
Which device hardening method involves installing updates that fix known security weaknesses in an operating system?
Applying security patches
Which term describes the list a firewall uses to decide which traffic is allowed through and which is blocked?
Access control list
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